ABSTRACT
Introducción. La evaluación de la condición física (CF), junto con otros indicadores de salud, es una estrategia utilizada para conocer el estado actual de los escolares. El principal objetivo fue medir en escolares sanluiseños el estado de salud actual, los niveles de CF y construir tablas de referencias de CF. Población y métodos. Escolares entre 9 y 12 años de edad (ambos sexos) fueron evaluados con dos indicadores de salud: índice de masa corporal y presión arterial. La CF fue medida con la batería ALPHA-Fitness. El orden de las pruebas fue el siguiente: tensión arterial, masa corporal, estatura, longitud de pie y mano, salto en longitud, velocidad en 30 metros, agilidad 4 × 10 m y la prueba de ida y vuelta en 20 metros. Se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la maduración biológica. Resultados. Fueron evaluados 15548 escolares. Los valores promedios fueron presión arterial sistólica 101 ± 10 mmHg y diastólica 66 ± 7 mmHg; IMC 20,2 ± 4,3 kg/m2. Para la CF fueron las siguientes: componente cardiorrespiratorio VO2 máx. 39,87 ± 3,2 ml/kg/min y velocidad alcanzada en la prueba de ida y vuelta en 20 m 8,9 ± 0,6 km/h; componente neuromuscular; salto en longitud: 120,6 ± 23,9 cm, velocidad 30 m: 6,56 ± 0,85 s, agilidad 4 × 10 m: 15,17 ± 1,82 s. El rendimiento siempre fue superior en el grupo masculino (p <0,001). Conclusión. Los escolares mostraron niveles saludables de presión arterial. El 50 % de la muestra fue clasificada con sobrepeso u obesidad según el IMC. En ambos sexos, se observaron bajos niveles de CF. Por primera vez, se elaboraron tablas de referencia de CF en escolares sanluiseños
Introduction. The assessment of physical fitness (PF), is useful strategy to know the current status of schoolchildren. Our primary objective was to measure the current health status and PF levels of schoolchildren in San Luis and to develop PF reference tables. Population and methods. Schoolchildren aged 9 to 12 years (boys and girls) were assessed based on 2 health indicators: body mass index and blood pressure. PF was measured using the ALPHA-Fitness test battery. Blood pressure, body mass, height, foot and hand length, standing long jump, 30 m sprint, 4 × 10 m agility test, and 20 m shuttle run test were assessed. The body mass index (BMI) and biological maturation were estimated. Results. A total of 15 548 schoolchildren were assessed. Average systolic blood pressure was 101 ± 10 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure, 66 ± 7 mmHg; BMI: 20.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2. Average PF was, in the cardiorespiratory component, VO2 max.: 39.87 ± 3.2 mL/kg/min and speed reached during the 20 m shuttle run test: 8.9 ± 0.6 km/h; in the musculoskeletal component, standing long jump: 120.6 ± 23.9 cm, 30 m sprint: 6.56 ± 0.85 s, 4 × 10 m agility test: 15.17 ± 1.82 s. The performance was better in the boys group (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Blood pressure was normal. Fifty percent of the sample was overweight or obese as per their BMI. Both boys and girls showed low PF levels. PF reference tables for schoolchildren from San Luis were developed for the first time.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Physical Fitness/psychology , Exercise Test , Argentina , Exercise/psychology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a percepção sobre a massa corporal, comportamentos relacionados à saúde, e a saúde mental de escolares adolescentes durante o período de retorno às atividades escolares presenciais com o período anterior à pandemia de COVID-19. O estudo foi realizado com 425 escolares (16,96±1,39 anos; 60,2% do sexo feminino) selecionados aleatoriamente de escolas das redes pública e privada de Pelotas/RS. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizado um questionário de autopreenchimento contendo perguntas retrospectivas e atuais sobre as variáveis analisadas. Os resultados indicaram que a percepção sobre a massa corporal, o nível de atividade física, o tempo de sono, e a saúde mental (apenas para as meninas) estão piores (p<0,05) no momento atual quando comparados ao período anterior à pandemia. Por outro lado, hábitos alimentares e tempo de tela recreativo apresentaram melhores resultados (p<0,05) no momento atual do que no período anterior à pandemia. Estes resultados mostram um complexo panorama em relação à saúde de adolescentes no período de retomada das atividades presencias, tornando o retorno às atividades escolares presenciais um desafio para os próprios adolescentes, seus familiares, para professores, e para as escolas.
The aim of this study was to compare the perception of body mass, health- related behaviors and mental health of adolescent schoolchildren during the period of return to face to face school activities with the period before COVID-19 pandemic. The study was carried out with 425 students (16.96±1.39 years; 60.2% female) randomly selected from public and private schools in Pelotas/RS. For data collection, a self-completion questionnaire was used, containing retrospective and current questions about analyzed outcomes. The results indicated that the perception of body mass, level of physical activity, sleep time, and mental health (only for girls) are worse (p<0.05) at present when compared to the period before the pandemic. On the other hand, eating habits and recreational screen time showed better results (p<0.05) at present than in the period before the pandemic. These results show a complex panorama concerning the health of adolescents in the period of resumption of face to face activities, making this return a challenge for the adolescents themselves, their families, teachers and for schools.
El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la percepción de masa corporal, comportamientos relacionados a la salud y salud mental de escolares adolescentes durante el período de retorno a las actividades escolares presenciales con el período anterior a la pandemia de COVID-19. El estudio fue realizado con 425 alumnos (16,96±1,39 años; 60,2% del sexo femenino) seleccionados aleatoriamente de escuelas públicas y privadas de Pelotas/RS. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó un cuestionario auto-completado, conteniendo preguntas retrospectivas y actuales sobre los resultados analizados. Los resultados indicaron que la percepción de la masa corporal, el nivel de actividad física, el tiempo de sueño y la salud mental (sólo para las niñas) son peores (p<0,05) en la actualidad en comparación con el período anterior a la pandemia. Por otro lado, los hábitos alimentarios y el tiempo de pantalla recreativo mostraron mejores resultados (p<0,05) en la actualidad que en el periodo anterior a la pandemia. Estos resultados muestran un panorama complejo en relación a la salud de los adolescentes en el período de reanudación de las actividades presenciales, haciendo de este retorno un desafío para los propios adolescentes, sus familias, profesores y para las escuelas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Schools , Students , Adolescent Health , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Sleep , Exercise/psychology , Body Mass Index , Mental Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adolescent Behavior , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Screen Time , Sleep DurationABSTRACT
Este trabajo se propone presentar una revisión bibliográfica que aborda el entrecruzamiento del rasgo Responsabilidad y la práctica de actividad física (AF) y deportiva. Se efectuó una búsqueda en cinco bases de datos y se hallaron 425 artículos publicados entre 1995-2023. Los resultados se sistematizaron en cinco categorías conceptuales que analizan: a) la relación entre Responsabilidad y diferentes formas de AF, b) la combinación de Responsabilidad con otros rasgos para describir la práctica de AF, c) la asociación de las facetas de Responsabilidad con AF, d) la Responsabilidad en el perfil de deportistas y e) las intervenciones que se enfocan en la modificación de los niveles de Responsabilidad o AF basándose en la influencia mutua de ambos constructos. Se espera que este trabajo contribuya en el desarrollo de futuras intervenciones sobre la Responsabilidad para alcanzar niveles de AF con parámetros saludables AU
This workintends to present a literature review that addresses the intertwining of the trait Conscientiousnessand the practice of physical activity (PA) and sports. A search was carried out in five databases and 425 articles published between 1995-2023 were found.The results were systematized in five conceptual categories that analyze: a) the relationship between Conscientiousnessand different forms of PA, b) the combination of Conscientiousnesswith other traits to describe PA practice, c) the association of thefacets of Conscientiousnesswith PA, d) Conscientiousnessin the profile of athletes and e) interventions that focus on modifying the levels of Conscientiousnessor PA based on the mutual influence of both constructs. It is expected that this work will contribute to the development of future interventions on Conscientiousnessto achieve PA levels with healthy parameters AU
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Exercise/psychology , Psychology, Sports , Personality , Physical FitnessABSTRACT
O estudo buscou identificar a prevalência de Síndrome de Burnout (SB), bem como verificar se existe uma associação da SB com fatores ocupacionais e a prática de atividade física (AF) em servidores técnico-administrativos (STA) de uma universidade federal do sul do Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 203 STA. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, ocupacionais, nutricional, SB e prática de AF. A prevalência de SB entre os STA foi de 50%, sendo que a mesma esteve associada inversamente com a faixa etária (p=0,02) e com as atividades administrativas ou de escritório (p=0,008), ambas com proteção superior a 30%. Conclui-se que a prevalência de SB é elevada entre os STA e que políticas voltadas a redução dos fatores que levam a SB entre STA devem ser criadas e implementadas pela instituição, auxiliando na redução do adoecimento (AU).
The study sought to identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS), as well as to verify if there is an association of BS with occupational factors and the practice of physical activity (PA) in technical-administrative servers (TAS) of a federal university in south of Brazil. The sample was composed by 203 STA. Sociodemographic, occupational, nutritional, SB and PA practice data were collected. The prevalence of BS among the TAS was 50%, being that it was inversely associated with age group (p=0.02) and with administrative or desk activities (p=0.008), both with protection greater than 30 %. It was concluded that the prevalence of BS is high among the TAS and policies aimed at reducing two factors that lead to BS among TAS should be created and implemented by the institution helping in the reduction of the treatment (AU).
El estudio buscó identificar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout (SB), así como verificar si existe asociación del SB con actores ocupacionales y la práctica de actividad física (AF) en servidores técnico-administrativos (STA) de una universidad federal en el sur de Brasil. La muestra fue compuesta por 203 STA. Fueron colectados datos sociodemográficos, ocupacionales, nutricional, SB y práctica de AF. La prevalencia de SB entre os STA foi de 50%, siendo que la misma estuvo asociada inversamente com el grupo de edad (p=0,02) y com las actividades administrativas o- de oficina (p=0,008), ambas con protección superior a 30 % Se concluyo que la prevalencia de SB es elevada entre los STA y políticas específicas de disminución de los factores que llevam a SB entre STA deven ser creadas y aplicadas por la institución auxiliando en la disminución de dolencias (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Exercise/psychology , Occupational HealthABSTRACT
Introducción: La integración social es un proceso dinámico que mejora la inclusión de sujetos en riesgos de exclusión, requiriendo de estrategias especializadas, como pueden ser los programas aplicados de actividad física. Objetivo: Valorar los efectos de la actividad física en la integración social del adulto mayor jubilado de la Espoch. Métodos: Se estudian a 34 exservidores públicos jubilados de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (Espoch), con un nivel moderado auto percibido de depresión/ansiedad, sometiéndolos a un proceso de intervención con actividades físico-recreativas que incluyen 7 unidades con sesiones de 90min. Los adultos mayores fueron evaluados con la Escala Auto Aplicada de Adaptación Social-SASS en dos momentos del proceso de intervención. Resultados: El pretest determinó una media de ï2.24puntos (≈2: Desadaptación social patente), incrementándose el puntaje promedio como parte del posttest a ï2.76 (≈3: Normalidad), existiendo diferencias significativas a favor del posttest (p=0.000). Conclusiones: Se demuestra un incremento de la adaptación social basada en un equilibrio de los niveles de integración con el entorno conocido (universidad), logrados con la implementación de la propuesta de intervención. En tal sentido, los programas físico-recreativo especializados pueden ser complementos efectivos para potenciar la integración de un grupo social determinado, como es el caso de adultos mayores jubilados de un centro de educación superior(AU)
Introduction: Social integration is a dynamic process that improves the subject's inclusion at exclusion risk, requiring specialized strategies, such as physical activity programs. Objective: to assess the physical activity effects on the social integration of the retired older adult from Espoch. Methods: 34 former retired public servants from the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (Espoch), with a self-perceived moderate level of depression/anxiety, were studied, subjecting them to an intervention process with physical-recreational activities that included 7 units with 90-min sessions. The older adults were evaluated with the Self-Applied Scale of Social Adaptation-SASS at two moments of the intervention process. Results: The pretest determined an average of ï2.24 points (≈2: patent social maladjustment), increasing the score as part of the posttest to ï2.76 (≈3: Normality), with significant differences in posttest favor (p=0.000). Conclusions: an increase in social adaptation is demonstrated based on a balance level of integration with the known environment (university), achieved with the implementation of the intervention proposal. In this sense, specialized physical-recreational programs can be effective complements to promote the integration of a specific social group, as is the case of older adults retired from a higher education center(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Anxiety/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Depression/psychology , Social Determinants of Health/economicsABSTRACT
Objective of the study Interpersonal relationships, as an important variable afecting the physical and mental health and future development of individuals, were used to construct a structural equation model between physical activity and interpersonal relationships in order to help college students better adapt to society and achieve a high level of mental health. Methods SPSS 27.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, and Amos 28.0 software was used to construct the model between variables. The results showed that physical activity directly predicted the interpersonal relationship status of college students (ß= −0.108, 95% CI [−0.210,−0.005]), and the chain mediating efect of physical activityâself-controlâmobile phone addiction tendencyâinterpersonal relationship distress was signifcant (ß= −0.012, 95% CI [−0.033,−0.003]). The results of this study suggest that physical activity may be viewed as an efective intervention strategy to mitigate the interpersonal challenges that college students may face in the future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Exercise/psychology , Self-Control/psychology , Technology Addiction , Interpersonal Relations , Students/psychology , Universities , China , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction Research on the relationship between physical exercise and psychological stress, psychological barriers, and other negative psychological indicators has begun to turn to the relationship with positive psychological indicators, especially personal satisfaction. These tools from positive psychology may be useful for analyzing the subjective effects of physical exercise on college students' perceptions. Objective To verify the impact of physical exercise on college students' physical quality and personal satisfaction. Methods An exposition of the connotation of subjective well-being in college students and the internal relationship between physical exercise and college students' subjective well-being is given, and analyzes the impact of physical exercise on college students' subjective well-being and its psychological mechanism. Results as an important social group, college students are in a critical period of life, and their quality of life and mental health deserve attention. The influence of exercise on physical and mental health has become a consensus. Conclusion Physical exercise can reduce not only stress attacks but also promote the development of mental health and personal satisfaction in college students. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução A pesquisa sobre a relação entre exercício físico e estresse psicológico, barreiras psicológicas e outros indicadores psicológicos negativos começou a se voltar para a relação com os indicadores psicológicos positivos, especialmente a satisfação pessoal. Essas ferramentas da psicologia positiva podem ser úteis para analisar os efeitos subjetivos do exercício físico sobre a percepção dos estudantes universitários. Objetivo Verificar o impacto do exercício físico na qualidade física dos estudantes universitários e de sua satisfação pessoal. Métodos É feita uma exposição da conotação do bem-estar subjetivo nos estudantes universitários e a relação interna entre o exercício físico e o bem-estar subjetivo dos estudantes universitários, e analisa o impacto do exercício físico no bem-estar subjetivo dos estudantes universitários e seu mecanismo psicológico. Resultados como um grupo social importante, os estudantes universitários estão em um período crítico de vida, e sua qualidade de vida e saúde mental merecem atenção. A influência do exercício físico sobre a saúde física e mental tornou-se um consenso. Conclusão O exercício físico pode não apenas reduzir os ataques de estresse, mas também promover o desenvolvimento da saúde mental e satisfação pessoal dos estudantes universitários. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción La investigación sobre la relación entre el ejercicio físico y el estrés psicológico, las barreras psicológicas y otros indicadores psicológicos negativos ha comenzado a dirigirse a la relación con los indicadores psicológicos positivos, especialmente la satisfacción personal. Estas herramientas de la psicología positiva pueden ser útiles para analizar los efectos subjetivos del ejercicio físico en las percepciones de los estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo Verificar el impacto del ejercicio físico en la calidad física y la satisfacción personal de los estudiantes universitarios. Métodos Se hace una exposición de la connotación del bienestar subjetivo en los estudiantes universitarios y la relación interna entre el ejercicio físico y el bienestar subjetivo de los estudiantes universitarios, y se analiza el impacto del ejercicio físico en el bienestar subjetivo de los estudiantes universitarios y su mecanismo psicológico. Resultados como grupo social importante, los estudiantes universitarios se encuentran en un período crítico de la vida, y su calidad de vida y salud mental merecen atención. La influencia del ejercicio físico en la salud física y mental se ha convertido en un consenso. Conclusión El ejercicio físico no sólo puede reducir los ataques de estrés, sino también promover el desarrollo de la salud mental y la satisfacción personal en los estudiantes universitarios. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Personal Satisfaction , Quality of Life , Students/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Stress, Psychological , Universities , Mental Health , Student Health , EmotionsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective Intuitive eating is an adaptive eating style that makes a strong connection with internal physiological manifestations of hunger and satiety. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of intuitive eating on body appreciation, body mass index, and nutritional behaviors in adults. Methods Sample consisted of 497 individuals. Data were collected online. The questionnaire form included a general information and physical activity evaluation form, anthropometric measurements, Intuitive Eating Scale-2, Body Appreciation Scale-2, and food frequency questionnaire. Results A statistically significant relationship was found between body mass index and eating for physical rather than emotional reasons, reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues, body-food choice congruence subscale scores, and total scale score. There was a correlation between body appreciation and unconditional permission to eat, reliance on internal hunger and satiety cues, body-food choice congruence subscale scores, and total scale score. The number of physically active intuitive eaters was significantly higher than non-intuitive eaters. A significant correlation was found between intuitive eating scores and frequency of consumption of fish, cake, biscuit, chocolate, granulated sugar, honey, jam, molasses, pastries and dairy-based desserts, sunflower oil, margarine, and sugary, carbonated drinks. Conclusion Intuitive eating can be an effective tool in sustaining and controlling weight loss, and with more studies, it may be possible to further spread this practice
RESUMO Objetivo A alimentação intuitiva é um estilo alimentar adaptativo que faz uma forte conexão com as manifestações fisiológicas internas de fome e saciedade. Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da alimentação intuitiva na apreciação corporal, índice de massa corporal e comportamentos nutricionais em adultos. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 497 indivíduos. Os dados foram coletados online. O formulário do questionário incluiu um formulário de informações gerais e avaliação de atividade física, medidas antropométricas, Intuitive Eating Scale-2, Body Appreciation Scale-2 e questionário de frequência alimentar. Resultados Uma relação estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada entre o índice de massa corporal e a alimentação com base em razões fisiológicas em vez de razões emocionais, dependência de sinais de saciedade, pontuação da subescala de adequação da escolha do alimento corporal e pontuação total da escala. Houve uma correlação entre a apreciação do corpo e o consentimento incondicional para comer, confiança nos sinais de saciedade, pontuação da subescala de adequação da escolha do alimento corporal e pontuação total da escala. A quantidade de comedores intuitivos fisicamente ativos foi significativamente maior do que a dos comedores não intuitivos. Foi encontrada correlação significativa entre o escore de alimentação intuitiva e a frequência de consumo de peixe, bolo, biscoito, chocolate, açúcar granulado, mel, geleia, melado, doces e sobremesas lácteas, óleo de girassol, margarina e refrigerantes açucarados. Conclusão A alimentação intuitiva pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz na sustentação e controle da perda de peso e, com mais estudos, pode ser possível disseminar mais essa prática.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Body Mass Index , Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Intuitive Eating/psychology , Body Image/psychology , Body Weights and Measures , Exercise/psychology , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is imperative to have effective programs to improve or maintain the health of aged people. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention based on a multidimensional program in Senior centers in Chile five months after its implementation, in the domains of physical and mental health, functionality and quality of life in aged people. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty participants older than 60 years completed a multidimensional program for one month that included interventions of guided physical exercises, in addition to educational and social activities. They were evaluated at baseline and one and five months after the intervention. RESULTS: After the first and fifth months, significant improvements were observed in the five times sit to stand test (5TSTS) and gait speed (WST), in addition, significant improvements were observed in literacy measured by the Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish-speaking Adults (SAHLSA). At the fifth month, slight improvements were observed in the Yesavage and short Falls efficacy scales, Barthel index, Unipodal Station and EuroQol five-dimensional quality of life tests. CONCLUSIONS: A multidimensional program for aged people lasting one month, improved the physical health dimension and literacy by the fifth month of evaluation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Quality of Life , Senior Centers , Exercise/psychology , Chile , Educational StatusABSTRACT
Aim of the present study was to assess physical activity, nutrition and psychological status of the population during lockdown due to covid-19. Online survey was conductedamong 534 participants within the age range of 16-78 years using convenient sampling. Participantsfrom varied regions within India and abroad were enrolled for the present study. Volunteered participants were solicited to take part in a survey that has to be carried out by filling an online questionnaire form available to them as a URL link in the invitation through WhatsApp/Messenger. The gathered data has been compiled, coded and cleaned using Microsoft Excel. Analysis has been carried out employing descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 17.0.Majority of participants in the studied population showed significant change in their nutrition and physical activity status due to lockdown. Covid-19 lockdown did limit their daily activities. It also had impacted their psychological status.The current investigation accentuates the need to pursue suitable life style for the maintenance of optimum metabolism and physiology. Sticking to more regular timetable of meals, effective management of stress levels and continued physical activity during the quarantine and in all the following phases of living is desirable.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Exercise/psychology , Quarantine/psychology , Mental Health , Feeding Behavior/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Sleep , Social Behavior , Pandemics/prevention & control , Diet, Healthy/psychology , Interpersonal Relations , Life StyleABSTRACT
Objectives: Physical activity is critical, not only for the normal growth and development of children, but also for emotional and social behavior. The purpose of the article is to determine the relationship between physical education and social and emotional development of preschool children. Methods: The study involved 366 children (188 boys and 178 girls) at the ages of 5 (N = 191) and 6 (N = 174), who study in public kindergartens in Beijing (China). Within 3 months, additional physical education and fitness classes were held. Before and after the study, a test was conducted: Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), which was completed by the parents. The research process did not affect the performance or development of children participants. Results: As a result of the study, the main regularities of the influence of physical education on social and emotional behavior of children were established. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that there is a positive correlation between age, physical education, and social-emotional behavior (r +—= 0.668). Conclusion: Gender differences are not statistically significant when it comes to physical activity's effect on social and emotional behavior (p-value = 0.004). The results can be applied to programs for the prevention of psychosocial and social-emotional development delays of children in kindergartens. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Social Behavior , Thinking , Exercise/psychology , Child Development , Emotions , China , Age FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: Desde el año 2020 el mundo ha sido afectado por la pandemia por COVID-19, dentro de sus consecuencias se ha descrito la disminución de actividad física realizada por estudiantes universitarios. OBJETIVOS: Determinar el nivel de actividad física y sus motivaciones en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad chilena en el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal que incluyó a los estudiantes de medicina de primer a séptimo año de la Universidad de Valparaíso en enero del 2021. Se emplearon los cuestionarios International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) y Motives for Physical Activities Measure - Revised (MPAM-R) de forma online. Se realizó la descripción de las variables y un análisis entre ellas mediante el cálculo de Odds Ratios. RESULTADOS: La muestra fue de 297 estudiantes. Un 53,2% eran mujeres y un 24,2% de los estudiantes eran internos. El 62,3% de los participantes realizaban moderada o alta actividad física. El sexo masculino y el internado fueron factores asociados a un mayor nivel de actividad física. No se demostró una asociación entre la cuarentena y el nivel de actividad física. Las principales motivaciones para realizar actividad física fueron salud y diversión, independiente del sexo de los participantes. CONCLUSIONES: La mayoría de los estudiantes de medicina presentaron al menos un nivel moderado o alto de actividad física, lo que es mayor a lo reportado previamente. Respecto a las motivaciones, el orden de prioridad fue similar entre ambos sexos. Los estudiantes consideran útil tener un horario protegido para realizar actividad física.
INTRODUCTION: The world has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic since the year 2020, within its consequences it has been described the decrease in physical activity by university students. OBJECTIVES: To determine the level of physical activity and its motivations in medical students from a Chilean university in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study that included first to seventh year medical students from the Universidad de Valparaíso in January 2021. We used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Motives for Physical Activities Measure-Revised (MPAM-R) questionnaire, applied online. We described the variables and conducted an analysis by calculating Odds Ratios. RESULTS: The sample was 297 students. 53.2% were women and 24.2% of the students were interns. 62.3% of the participants performed moderate or high physical activity. Being male and interns were factors associated with a higher level of physical activity. An association between quarantine and level of physical activity was not shown. The main motivations for physical activity were Health and Fun, regardless of the sex of the participants. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the medical students presented at least a moderate or high level of physical activity, which is higher than previously reported. Regarding motivations, the priorities were similar between both sexes. Students find it helpful to have reserved hours in the academic schedule for physical activity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Students, Medical/psychology , Exercise/psychology , COVID-19 , Motor Activity , Quarantine , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Pandemics , MotivationABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo. Conocer la experiencia de personas físicamente activas por un largo plazo desde tres etapas: inicio de la vida activa, motivación actual y afrontamiento a las barreras. Método. Se realiza un análisis fenomenológico a partir de entrevistas examinadas a profundidad. N = 11 de personas adultas que han sido activas a un nivel suficiente por los últimos 10 años. Resultados. Surgieron cuatro categorías que describen: la vivencia autónoma, la decisión, el gusto adquirido desde la infancia y el hábito para regular emociones. A manera de conclusión, al conocer las características de la experiencia en la actividad física en personas activas, se confirmó aspectos sobre la motivación autodeterminada, lo que sugiere la presencia de elementos útiles en la intervención dirigida a la activación a largo plazo.
Abstract Objective. To know the experience of long-term active people to understand their relationship with physical practice in three stages: beginning of active life, current motivation, and facing barriers. Method. A phenomenological analysis was done on in-depth interviews. N = 11 adults have been active at a sufficient level for, at least, the last 10 years. Results. Four categories were found: the autonomous experience, the decision making, the preference for an active life acquired since childhood, and the habit through which they regulate their emotions. As a conclusion, the characteristics of the experience of active people with physical activity confirmed aspects about self-determined motivation. Useful elements are suggested in the intervention aimed at long-term activation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Exercise/psychology , Motivation , Personal Autonomy , MexicoABSTRACT
Contexto: As práticas de atividade física podem trazer benefícios como redução de riscos à saúde, melhora da saúde mental e da qualidade de vida da população. Por isso, mundialmente há preocupação com os baixos níveis de atividade física por pessoas de diferentes contextos. Esta revisão rápida tem o intuito de avaliar os benefícios das intervenções de atividade física na saúde mental e qualidade de vida de indivíduos acometidos ou não por transtornos mentais. Pergunta: Quais são os efeitos da atividade física na saúde mental? Métodos: Seguindo protocolo prévio, buscas por revisões sistemáticas (RS) foram realizadas em sete bases eletrônicas da literatura, em agosto de 2021. Foram utilizados atalhos de revisão rápida para simplificar o processo, com inclusão de RS publicadas nos últimos cinco anos e com algumas especificações quanto ao contexto e população. Apenas o processo de seleção foi realizado em duplicata e de forma independente, a extração dos dados com posterior avaliação da qualidade das RS foi feita por um revisor e checada por outro. Os resultados foram reunidos em síntese narrativa conforme similaridade da população avaliada. Resultados: De 2.891 registros identificados nas bases de dados, 71 RS foram incluídas após processo de seleção e elegibilidade. Na avaliação da qualidade metodológica com a ferramenta AMSTAR 2, as RS foram consideradas de confiança criticamente baixa (97,1%) e de confiança baixa (2,9%). As revisões apresentaram resultados de exercícios aeróbicos e anaeróbicos, práticas mente-corpo, esportes, entre outras, em populações sem transtornos mentais ou com transtornos mentais diversos (transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento e neurocognitivos; transtornos depressivos; transtornos de ansiedade; espectro da esquizofrenia e outros transtornos psicóticos; transtornos relacionados a substâncias e transtornos aditivos; transtornos relacionados a trauma e a estressores; transtornos alimentares; diversos transtornos em saúde mental). Os efeitos da atividade física foram analisados para vários desfechos, entre os quais bem-estar, ansiedade, depressão, funções motoras e sociais foram avaliadas clinicamente ou por meio de relatos. Considerações finais: De modo geral, a atividade física apresentou inúmeros benefícios para a saúde e a qualidade de vida para pessoas de todas as faixas etárias, sendo os resultados mais estudados e robustos para algumas condições do que para outras. Poucas RS apresentaram informação a respeito da segurança da prática de atividade física, mostrando que são baixos os riscos de eventos adversos graves. As revisões também mostraram alguns resultados contraditórios ou sem diferença significativa entre os resultados dos grupos de intervenção e controle, que precisam ser analisados com cautela. Vale ressaltar que essas incertezas podem estar relacionadas à heterogeneidade dos estudos quanto a diferentes modalidades de atividades físicas, de populações e de desfechos de saúde mental. Além disso, deve-se levar em consideração que a avaliação das RS mostra que a maioria foi classificada como de confiança criticamente baixa.
Context: Physical activity practices can bring benefits such as reducing health risks, improving mental health and quality of life for the population. Therefore, worldwide there is concern about low levels of physical activity by people from different contexts. This quick review aims to assess the benefits of physical activity interventions on mental health and quality of life for individuals with or without mental disorders. Question: What are the effects of physical activity on mental health? Methods: Following a previous protocol, searches for systematic reviews (SR) were carried out in seven electronic databases of the literature, in August 2021. Rapid review shortcuts were used to simplify the process, with the inclusion of SR published in the last five years and with some specifications as to context and population. Only the selection process was carried out in duplicate and independently, the extraction of data with subsequent evaluation of the quality of the SR was carried out by one reviewer and checked by another. The results were gathered in narrative synthesis according to the similarity of the population evaluated. Results: Of the 2,891 records identified in the databases, 71 RS were included after the selection and eligibility process. In the assessment of methodological quality with the AMSTAR 2 tool, the SRs were considered to have critically low confidence (97.1%) and low confidence (2.9%). The reviews presented results of aerobic and anaerobic exercises, mind-body practices, sports, among others, in populations without mental disorders or with diverse mental disorders (neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive disorders; depressive disorders; anxiety disorders; schizophrenia spectrum and other disorders psychotic disorders; substance-related and addictive disorders; trauma- and stress-related disorders; eating disorders; various mental health disorders). The effects of physical activity were analyzed for several outcomes, among which well-being, anxiety, depression, motor and social functions were evaluated clinically or through reports. Final considerations: In general, physical activity has presented numerous benefits for health and quality of life for people of all age groups, with the results being more studied and robust for some conditions than for others. Few SRs presented information about the safety of physical activity, showing that the risks of serious adverse events are low. The reviews also showed some contradictory results or no significant difference between the results of the intervention and control groups, which need to be analyzed with caution. It is worth mentioning that these uncertainties may be related to the heterogeneity of studies regarding different modalities of physical activities, populations and mental health outcomes. In addition, it should be taken into account that the evaluation of the SRs shows that most were classified as critically low confidence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Quality of Life/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Mental Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
Introducción: El Trastorno por déficit de atención y/o hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que afecta la calidad de vida en niños y adolescentes, y se extiende hasta la edad adulta. La literatura señala que la práctica de actividad física y ejercicio físico establece beneficios positivos para el organismo del ser humano, a nivel físico, biológico y psicológico. Objetivo: Examinar los efectos de las intervenciones de actividad física o ejercicio físico sobre la calidad de vida en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con TDAH. Material y Método: La búsqueda de las investigaciones fueron realizadas a través de Google Scholar, Scopus, Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science, Dialnet y Redalyc, seleccionando solo investigaciones de libre acceso en idioma español. Se consideraron los últimos 5 años para el análisis de las investigaciones, se buscaron mediante las palabras utilizadas Actividad Física y Calidad de vida en niños y adolescentes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, Ejercicio Físico y Calidad de vida en niños y adolescentes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, Actividad Física y Calidad de vida en niños y adolescentes con TDAH, Ejercicio Físico y Calidad de vida en niños y adolescentes con TDAH. Desarrollo: Los 8 artículos seleccionados y extraídos de las bases de datos, concuerdan con los criterios de inclusión relacionados con los beneficios en la calidad de vida físicos, a nivel psicológicos, biológicos y sociales. Conclusiones: Intervenciones de actividad física y ejercicio físico con una duración de 15 min a 90 min en niños y adolescentes con TDAH pueden ser beneficiosas en la calidad de vida(AU)
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects quality of life in children and adolescents, extending into adulthood. The literature indicates that the practice of physical activity and physical exercise establishes positive benefits for the human body at a physical, biological and psychological level. Objective: To examine the effects of physical activity or physical exercise interventions on quality of life in children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. Material and Methods: The search for research was carried out through Google Scholar, Scopus, Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science, Dialnet and Redalyc, selecting only open access research in Spanish. The last 5 years were considered for the analysis of the research; they were searched using the words: Physical Activity and Quality of life in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, Physical Exercise and Quality of life in children and adolescents with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, Physical Activity and Quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD, Physical Exercise and Quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD. Development: The 8 articles selected and extracted from the databases agree with the inclusion criteria related to the physical, psychological, biological and social benefits on quality of life. Conclusions: Physical activity and physical exercise interventions with a duration of 15-90 minutes in children and adolescents with ADHD can be beneficial on quality of life(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy , Exercise/psychology , Human Body , Neurodevelopmental DisordersABSTRACT
Introducción: La cultura física y el deporte tienen una gran importancia en el fortalecimiento de la salud humana y en la prevención de los procesos de enfermedad y envejecimiento. Dentro de las herramientas científico-tecnológicas utilizadas desde las ciencias aplicadas, la ergometría es uno de los instrumentos fundamentales en el campo médico deportivo. Puede ser empleada en la planificación del entrenamiento deportivo e igualmente, en el diagnóstico y la recuperación de la salud en los individuos enfermos, así como en el mantenimiento del bienestar físico en la persona sana, de cualquier grupo de edad. Objetivo: Fundamentar la importancia de la ergometría cardiovascular en apoyo a la cultura física y el deporte. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de literatura científica y trabajos investigativos relacionados con los temas de cultura física y deporte en relación con la ergometría. Se revisaron los trabajos publicados actualmente en Medline con la interfaz PubMed. Desarrollo: La ergometría cardiovascular permite valorar indicadores fiables antes de iniciar toda práctica deportiva. Esto garantiza la implementación de planes de entrenamiento dirigidos sobre bases científicas y evidencia la elevación del rendimiento deportivo, de la calidad de vida y la salud. Conclusiones: La ergometría es una herramienta científico-tecnológica que permite avalar un inicio y mantenimiento eficaz del entrenamiento deportivo individualizado. Es necesaria para la implementación de un correcto programa de ejercicios físicos, que tiene como objetivos promover salud y mejorar los componentes de la aptitud física relacionados con la salud y la rehabilitación(AU)
Introduction: Physical culture and sports are of great importance in strengthening human health and in preventing disease and aging processes. Within the scientific-technological tools used by applied sciences, ergometry is one of the fundamental instruments in the sports medical field. It can be used in the planning of sports training and also in the diagnosis and recovery of health in sick individuals, as well as in the maintenance of physical well-being in the healthy person, of any age group. Objective: To prove the importance of cardiovascular ergometry in support of physical culture and sports. Methods: A review of scientific literature and research works related to the topics of physical culture and sports as to exercise testing was carried out. Articles currently published in Medline with the PubMed interface were reviewed. Findings: Cardiovascular ergometry allows to assess reliable indicators before starting any sports practice. This guarantees the implementation of specific training plans founded on scientific bases, which evidences the rise of sports performance, quality of life and health. Conclusions: Ergometry is a scientific-technological tool that allows to guarantee an effective start and maintenance of individualized sports training. It is necessary for the implementation of correct physical exercise programs, which aims to promote health and improve the components of physical fitness related to health and rehabilitation(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Sports , Exercise/psychology , Ergometry/methods , Health PromotionABSTRACT
O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar os níveis de estado de humor de mulheres adultas praticantes de atividade física regular com os de mulheres adultas sedentárias. Participaram do estudo 57 mulheres (53,36 ± 10,68 anos de idade), divididas em dois grupos: ativas e sedentárias. Utilizou-se um questionário para caracterização da amostra e a Escala de Humor de Brunel (BRUMS). Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que as mulheres ativas apresentaram estado de humor positivo, além de apresentaram baixos escores para o estado de humor negativo, quando comparadas aos escores das mulheres sedentárias. Pode-se concluir que a atividade física pode influenciar positivamente o estado de humor.
The aim of this study was to compare mood levels of adult women engaged in regular physical activity with those of sedentary adult women. Fifty-seven women participated in the study (53.36 ± 10.68 years' old), divided into two groups: active and sedentary. A questionnaire was used to characterize the sample, and the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) was also applied. The results demonstrated that active women had a positive mood state in addition to having low scores for negative mood state when compared to the scores of sedentary women. It can be concluded that physical activity can have a positive influence on mood state.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Wit and Humor as Topic/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Stress, Psychological , Walking/psychology , Confusion/prevention & control , Depression , Fatigue/psychology , Sedentary Behavior , Psychology, SportsABSTRACT
Pesquisas têm evidenciado contribuições do exercício físico na promoção de saúde mental e favorecimento de emoções positivas. Esta pesquisa propõe a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do Inventário de Razão para o Exercício (REI). Uma amostra de 206 praticantes (idade = 27,31 ±8,01, 50% mulheres), respondeu aos instrumentos. Por meio da análise fatorial confirmatória, comparou-se os índices de ajustamento de modelos de medidas empregados para o REI na literatura, foram estimados indicadores de precisão e correlação com estado de mindfulness durante o exercício físico. Os resultados indicaram melhores índices de ajustamento para o modelo composto por sete fatores (razões para a prática): controle de peso, condicionamento, humor, atratividade, saúde, tônus e divertimento, todos com bons indicadores de precisão. Verificou-se associação positiva moderada entre indicadores de mindfulness com as razões intrínsecas, humor e divertimento. Conclui-se que a versão brasileira do REI é uma medida adequada das razões para o exercício, correspondente à versão original. (AU)
Studies have shown the role of exercise in promoting mental health and fostering positive emotions. This study proposes the assessment of the psychometric properties of the Reasons for Exercise Inventory (REI). A sample of 206 physical exercise practitioners (mean age 27.31 years ± 8.01, 50% women) answered the instruments. The fit indices of different measurement models employed for the REI in the literature were compared through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Reliability and its correlation with the state of mindfulness during exercise were estimated. The results indicated a better fit for the model composed of seven factors (reasons for exercise): weight control, fitness, mood, health, attractiveness, enjoyment and tone, all with good reliability indicators. Moderate positive associations between mindfulness indicators and intrinsic reasons for exercise: mood and enjoyment were observed. It was concluded that the Brazilian version of the REI is an adequate measure of the reasons for exercise, corresponding to the original version. (AU)
Las investigaciones demuestran las contribuciones del ejercicio físico para la promoción de la salud mental y estimulación de las emociones positivas. Este estudio propone la evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Razones para el Ejercicio (REI). Una muestra de 206 practicantes (edad= 27.31± 8.01, 50% mujeres) respondió a los instrumentos. A través del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, se compararon los índices de ajuste de los modelos de medición utilizados para el REI en la literatura, se estimaron indicadores de precisión y correlación con el estado de mindfulness durante la práctica de ejercicio físico. Los resultados indicaron mejores índices de ajuste para el modelo de siete factores (razones para la práctica): control de peso, entrenamiento, estado de ánimo, atracción, salud, tono muscular y diversión; todos con buenos indicadores de precisión. Se comprobó una relación positiva moderada entre los indicadores de mindfulness y razones intrínsecas, estado de ánimo y diversión. Se puede concluir que la versión brasileña del REI es una medida adecuada de las razones para el ejercicio físico, correspondiendo con la versión original. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Exercise/psychology , Mental Health , Psychology, Positive , Motivation , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, StatisticalABSTRACT
Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre a qualidade de vida (QV) de estudantes do curso de graduação em Odon-tologia da Faculdade CNEC Santo Ângelo com a prática de atividades físicas e de estudo. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal. Os participantes responderam questões referentes a informações demográficas, atividades físicas, frequência de estudo e conteúdos pesquisados em redes sociais. Além disso, foi aplicado o questionário WHOQOL-BREF para avaliação da QV. A análise de dados foi realizada mediante Teste U de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis (p-valor <0,05). Resultados: a amostra contou com 127 alunos. A QV não teve associação com idade, sexo, mídias sociais utilizadas pelos participantes e tempo que utilizam o celular no dia a dia. A maior média foi observada no domínio social. Os alunos que estudaram todos os dias tiveram uma mediana maior de QV no domínio psicológico, quando comparados àqueles que não estudaram todos os dias, e essa diferença foi estatisticamente significante. A prática de exercícios físicos proporcionou melhor QV para os participantes, e essa associação foi estatisticamente significante para os domínios físico, psicoló-gico, do meio ambiente e para o escore total. A menor média foi do domínio psicológico. Conclusão: estudar todos os dias e praticar atividades físicas estiveram associados de forma independente a uma melhor QV. (AU)
Objective: to evaluate the association between a QoL of undergraduate students in Dentistry at Faculdade CNEC Santo Ângelo with the practice of physical activities and study. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study. The participants reported on demographic information, physical activities, study frequency and content searched on social media. In addition, the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was formulated to assess QoL. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis U test (p-value <0.05). Results: 127 students were included. QoL was not associated with age, gender, social media used by participants and the time they used the cell phone on a daily basis. The highest average was observed in the social domain. Students who studied every day had a significantly higher median QoL in the psychological domain compared to those who did not study every day. The practice of physical exercises provided better QoL for the participants and this association was statistically significant for the physical, psychological, environmental and total score domains. The lowest mean was in the psychological domain. Conclusion: studying every day and practicing physical activities were independently associated with better QoL.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Quality of Life/psychology , Students, Dental/psychology , Exercise/psychology , Mental Health/statistics & numerical data , Students, Dental/statistics & numerical data , Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction Although the benefits of regular physical activity (PA) for adolescents are well-described in the literature, there is little evidence of the role of psychosocial aspects on levels of PA in this population. Objective To investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with enjoyment of PA and preference for leisure-time activities in boys and girls. Methods A cross-sectional study, with 6529 adolescents (aged 15 to 19 years) enrolled in secondary education in public schools in the South of Brazil. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between sociodemographic factors and the variables of interest, with data collection using a standardized questionnaire. Results Boys enjoyed (87.1%) and preferred (44.4%) PA more than girls (enjoyment: 79.2%; preference: 29.5%). Among the boys, enjoyment was associated with family income(OR3-5 wages=1.53; OR≥6 wages=1.62) and, among the girls, it was associated with age (OR19 years=0.28), occupational status (ORworkers=1.45), and income (OR3-5 wages=1.35). Preference was associated with age (OR19 years=2.48) and income (OR≥6 wages=0.70) among the boys and, among girls, it was associated with area of residence (ORrural=1.47) and occupation (ORworkers=1.31). Conclusion Boys (enjoyment: 87.1%; preference: 44.4%) had more positive attitudes toward PA than girls (enjoyment: 79.2%; preference: 29.5%), and some sociodemographic variables appear to be more closely associated with these attitudes than others. Enjoyment was associated with family income for boys, and with age, occupation and income for girls. Preference, in turn, was associated with age and family income for boys, and area of residence and occupational status for girls. Level of evidence II, Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnostic test.
RESUMO Introdução Embora os benefícios da atividade física (AF) regular para os adolescentes sejam consolidados na literatura, há pouca evidência do papel dos aspectos psicossociais nos níveis de AF nessa população. Objetivo Investigar a prevalência e os fatores sociodemográficos associados ao gosto pela AF e à preferência por atividades no lazer em rapazes e moças. Métodos Estudo transversal, com 6.529 adolescentes (15 a 19 anos), matriculados no ensino médio das escolas públicas do sul do Brasil. Usou-se regressão logística binária para analisar a associação entre os fatores sociodemográficos e as variáveis de interesse, coletadas por meio de questionário padronizado. Resultados Os rapazes relataram gostar (87,1%) e preferir (44,4%) AF mais do que as moças (gostar: 79,2%; preferir: 29,5%). Entre os rapazes, o gosto pela AF foi associado à renda familiar (OR3-5 salários = 1,53; OR≥6 salários = 1,62) e, entre as moças, foi associado à idade (OR19 anos = 0,28), ocupação (ORtrabalhadoras = 1,45) e renda (OR3-5 salários = 1,35). A preferência foi associada à idade (OR19 anos = 2,48) e à renda familiar (OR≥6 salários = 0,70) para os rapazes, e, para as moças, à área de residência (ORrural = 1,47) e ocupação (ORtrabalhadoras = 1,31). Conclusões Rapazes (gostar: 87,1%; preferir: 44,4%) tiveram atitudes mais positivas com relação à AF do que as moças (gostar: 79,2% e preferir: 29,5%), e algumas variáveis sociodemográficas parecem estar mais fortemente associadas a essas atitudes do que a outras. Gostar foi associado à renda familiar para os rapazes e à idade, ocupação e renda para as moças. Preferir, por sua vez, esteve associado à idade e à renda familiar para os rapazes e à área de residência e ocupação para as moças. Nível de evidência II, Estudos diagnósticos - Investigação de um exame para diagnóstico.
RESUMEN Introducción Aunque los beneficios de la actividad física (AF) regular para los adolescentes sean consolidados en la literatura, hay poca evidencia del papel de los aspectos psicosociales en los niveles de AF en esa población. Objetivo Investigar la prevalencia y los factores sociodemográficos asociados al gusto por la AF y a la preferencia por actividades en la recreación en adolescentes de ambos sexos. Métodos Estudio transversal, con 6.529 adolescentes (15-19 años), matriculados en la enseñanza media de las escuelas públicas del sur de Brasil. Se usó regresión logística binaria para analizar la asociación entre los factores sociodemográficos y las variables de interés, colectadas por medio de cuestionario estandarizado. Resultados Los adolescentes de sexo masculino relataron gusto (87,1%) y preferencia (44,4%) por AF más que las adolescentes de sexo femenino (gusto: 79,2%; preferencia: 29,5%). Entre los varones, el gusto por la AF fue asociado a la renta familiar (OR3-5 salarios= 1,53; OR≥6 salarios= 1,62) y, entre las adolescentes de sexo femenino, fue asociado a la edad (OR19 años= 0,28), ocupación (ORtrabajadoras= 1,45) y renta (OR3-5 salarios= 1,35). La preferencia fue asociada a la edad (OR19 años= 2,48) y a la renta familiar (OR≥6 salarios= 0,70) para los varones y, para las adolescentes de sexo femenino, al área de residencia (ORrural= 1,47) y ocupación (ORtrabajadoras= 1,31). Conclusiones Los adolescentes de sexo masculino (gusto: 87,1%; preferencia: 44,4%) tuvieron actitudes más positivas con relación a la AF que las adolescentes de sexo femenino (gusto: 79,2%; preferencia: 29,5%), y algunas variables sociodemográficas parecen estar más fuertemente asociadas a esas actitudes que a otras. El gusto fue asociado a la renta familiar para los varones y a la edad, ocupación y renta para las adolescentes de sexo femenino. La preferencia, a su vez, estuvo asociada a la edad y a la renta familiar para los varones, y el área de residencia y ocupación para las adolescentes de sexo femenino. Nivel de evidencia II, Estudios diagnósticos - Investigación de un examen para diagnóstico.